Communication Room Construction Solutions

1. Introduction

With the continuous development of the economy and the progress of society, network communication has become a very common means of contact in people's daily lives. As the management party of network communication equipment, the construction of communication rooms has become an extremely important infrastructure.Network communication is currently a very common means of communication in society. Network communication equipment is usually concentrated in specific environments such as communication rooms. The scientific and reasonable construction of communication rooms is the foundation for the normal operation of network communication. The construction of the room must consider factors such as environment, management, safety, and maintenance.

According to China's "Design Specifications for Electronic Information System Rooms"(GB 50174-2008),Data centerscan be divided into three levels based on usage nature, management requirements, and the economic and social losses or impacts caused by equipment failures leading to interruptions in electronic information system operations.A,B,Clevels. Level A is fault-tolerant, meaning that during the operation of the system, its site equipment should not cause interruptions in the operation of the electronic information system due to operational errors, equipment failures, external power interruptions, maintenance, and repairs.ALevel B is redundant, meaning that during the operation of the system, its site equipment should not cause interruptions in the operation of the electronic information system within the redundancy capacity.Level C is basic, meaning that under normal operating conditions of the site equipment, the operation of the electronic information system should not be interrupted.Internationally, data centers are classified into four levels based on the supported normal operating time. The requirements for facilities within data centers vary according to different levels, with higher levels having stricter requirements.Level 1 is the most basic configuration, with no redundancy,while Level 4 provides the highest fault tolerance rate. The definitions of these different levels include various requirements for building structure, telecommunications infrastructure, safety, electrical systems, grounding, mechanical systems, and fire protection.Communication rooms are also divided into several types, including access rooms, aggregation rooms, and core rooms, each with significantly different equipment. Core rooms can also be further classified based on the types of equipment, including transmission rooms, switching rooms, data rooms, power rooms, long-distance rooms, and network management rooms.Their order from top to bottom is: core roomBaggregation roomCaccess room

User access rooms are located close to users, generally equipped with essential power equipment,MDFdistribution framesODFbattery groups, transmission equipment, and environmental monitoring, mainly includingMDFDSLAMMDFequipment,OLT

equipment, and voice equipment, which function to aggregate ordinary users' ADSL, FTTH, and telephone service lines and traffic, and then send them to the aggregation room.Aggregation rooms are located between core rooms and access rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,--BRAS--SR--equipment, switching equipment,DDFdistribution frames,SDH,ODF/MMSAPSDHDCNnetwork management switches, enterprise business access switches, and collaboration equipment.Core rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,network management switches,CRequipment, various long-distance equipment, various servers,,firewallsand other equipment.2.Communication RoomCore rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,Design PrinciplesCore rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,network management switches,1.High Security and ReliabilityTo ensure that the room can provide users with continuous 7×24 hour service, the room must have high reliability. Bidders should pay attention to minimizing single points of failure when designing the system. For any single point of failure, its impact on the entire system must be minimized in the design. The availability of the entire power supply system from the municipal power to the cabinets and servers should not be less than 99.99%.Each system should have sufficient margins to ensure that the room has high reliability: power supply, cooling capacity,Core rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,UPS systems, gas fire extinguishing systems, thermal and smoke detection devices, lightning protection systems, transient surge suppression, and leak detection systems.Core rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,DCN网管交换机、政企业务接入交换机、协转设备。核心机房在汇聚机房的上层，里面除了上面提到的必备设备外和汇聚交换机、Communication RoomCore rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,Design Principles1.High Security and ReliabilityTo ensure that the room can provide users with continuous 7×24 hour service, the room must have high reliability. Bidders should pay attention to minimizing single points of failure when designing the system. For any single point of failure, its impact on the entire system must be minimized in the design. The availability of the entire power supply system from the municipal power to the cabinets and servers should not be less than 99.99%.Each system should have sufficient margins to ensure that the room has high reliability: power supply, cooling capacity,Core rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,UPS systems, gas fire extinguishing systems, thermal and smoke detection devices, lightning protection systems, transient surge suppression, and leak detection systems.Core rooms are located above aggregation rooms. In addition to the essential equipment mentioned above, they also include aggregation switches,DCN网管交换机、CR设备、各种长途设备、各种服务器、防火墙等设备。

二、通信机房设计原则1.高安全可靠性

为保证机房能为用户提供连续不间断的7×24小时服务，机房必须具有高可靠性。投标方在设计系统时应注意尽量减少单点故障的存在，对存在单点故障的环节，在设计上必须减少其对整个系统的影响。由市电到机柜及服务器的整个供电系统可用性不得少于99.99%。

各系统都应留有足够的余量，以保证机房具有较高的可靠性：电力、制冷量供应、UPS系统、气体灭火系统、热能和烟雾探测装臵、防雷系统、抗瞬态浪涌抑制和漏水检测系统。

Due to the specialized information involved in the internal computer system of the machine room, the leakage of such information may seriously harm social order. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the security of the machine room, which must have a security system to protect users' equipment and data from harm. Measures to achieve high security include: closed-circuit television monitoring, access control systems, automatic security alarm systems, etc.

2. Scalability

In view of the continuous development and changes in the information network system requirements, and the continuous improvement of technology, these changes in resource demand should be considered during construction to ensure that the entire system has flexible scalability, especially for dedicated air conditioning, distribution switches and cabinets, backup power supplies for DC systems, and power busbars in the machine room.

3. Easy to manage

High-quality management of the system should be achieved through the use of advanced and reliable management tools to save human resources. Due to the numerous and complex equipment in the machine room, as business continues to develop, management tasks will inevitably become increasingly heavy. Therefore, a complete management and monitoring system for the machine room must be established during the design of the information machine room. Real-time monitoring and monitoring of the operating status of the entire computer room, voice alarms, and real-time event recording can quickly identify faults, improve reliability, and simplify the maintenance work of machine room management personnel.

4. High performance-to-price ratio

The selection of materials and equipment for the machine room should be based on applicability, with reasonable choices of materials and equipment to avoid resource waste; at the same time, the high reliability of the machine room must be ensured. The machine room should be designed with a high performance-to-price ratio, maintaining system operation at a lower cost and with less personnel input, providing high efficiency and high benefits.

Three,Design basis

The design requirements specification and relevant drawings provided by the construction unit.

Electronic Information Machine Room Design SpecificationsGB50174-93

Technical Conditions for Computer Room SitesGB2287-89

Safety Requirements for Computer Room SitesGB9361-88

Technical Conditions for Raised Floors in Information Machine RoomsGB6650-86

Design Specifications for Lightning Protection of BuildingsGB50057-94

Fire Protection Design Specifications for High-Rise Civil BuildingsGBJ45

Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Electronic Information Machine RoomsSJ/T30003-93

Quality Specifications for Interior Decoration ProjectsQB1838-93

Fire Protection Design Specifications for BuildingsGB5004-95

Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Air Conditioning and Ventilation ProjectsGB50243-97

Design Specifications for Integrated Wiring System Engineering of Buildings and Building ComplexesGB/T50311-2000

Acceptance Specifications for Integrated Wiring System Engineering of Buildings and Building ComplexesGB/T50312-2000

Communication Industry Standards of the People's Republic of ChinaYD-T926 1, 2, 3

International Integrated Wiring StandardsTIA/EIA 568-B

Design Specifications for Power Supply and Distribution SystemsGB50052-92 9

Design Specifications for Fire Automatic Alarm SystemsGBJ116-98

Design Specifications for Communication Grounding in Industrial EnterprisesGBJ79-85

Measurement Methods for Shielding Effectiveness of High-Performance Shielded RoomsGB12190

Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Electronic Information System Machine RoomsGB50462-2008

Four, Construction of Communication Machine Rooms

The construction standards for the machine room system refer to the relevant requirements for machine room construction published by the dedicated communication bureau. The procurement list and specification parameters for this system are only for reference; any omissions in the list must be added independently, otherwise, they will be treated as omissions. The bidder must provide these for free after winning the bid until acceptance is passed.

PDS Integrated Wiring System

Construction of communication equipment rooms and layout of equipment

With the development of computer technology and communication technology, in order to meet the demands of the industry and the market, the structured cabling system is continuously being updated and iterated. From Category 3 to Category 5, from Category 5 to Category 5e, and now to the mature and widely used Category 6 system, the Category 6a system with 10G copper cables has also become popular in data centers. In response to the demand for network and video acceleration, Category 7 and Category 7a systems have emerged, and the standards for Category 8 systems are being formulated. Multi-mode fiber has also been optimized from the gigabit OM1 to the 10G OM3 and the OM4 fiber that supports longer 10G transmission distances. Looking to the future, the structured cabling market mainly presents several hotspots: (1) Intelligent cabling systems, what is intelligent cabling? Intelligent cabling is a system that uses electronic patch panels along with network scanners and management software to monitor and manage the connectivity, disconnection, and unauthorized access of the network's physical layer in real-time. With the widespread application of concepts such as virtualization, cloud computing, and big data in the new generation of data networks, structured cabling, as the physical foundation of the network, has become increasingly important to maintain and manage effectively to minimize losses caused by network interruptions. (2) POE cabling, POE cabling refers to the technology that provides power to IP-based terminals (such as IP phones, WiFi access points, network cameras, etc.) while transmitting data signals without making any changes to the existing Ethernet cabling infrastructure. (3) Combination of wired and wireless, due to the popularity of smart terminals, the demand for wireless has become increasingly urgent, with over 90% of current projects having wireless requirements. The combination of wired and wireless refers to the deployment of wireless APs at the end of wired connections, generally using POE for power supply. (4) High-density high-bandwidth cabling, high-density high-bandwidth cabling refers to the use of high-density devices with MPO connectors pre-terminated. The size of a 12-core or 24-core MPO connector is similar to that of an LC duplex connector, saving more space. In limited space environments (especially in data center applications), this can greatly simplify the configuration process of fiber optic networks while supporting high bandwidth transmission of 10G/40G/100G. (5) Smart home cabling refers to the internal wiring and management of homes after fiber is brought to the home. Currently, most still follow this model, but with the rise of smart homes, there are higher demands for home cabling. Whether home cabling can perfectly integrate with smart home systems has extended the function of home cabling from mere wiring management to the ability to store, process, and exchange data. (6) Micro-module data centers, micro-module data centers integrate traditional data center systems such as cabinets, cooling, network cabling, power supply, lighting, and environmental monitoring into a unified whole. They use modular components and standardized interfaces to achieve rapid and flexible deployment of data centers and subsequent expansions. This not only significantly reduces construction costs but also shortens the construction and deployment cycle of data centers, enhancing the mobility and flexibility of data center deployment. Of course, with the continuous development of various technologies, structured cabling will have more technological hotspots and application scenarios.

The global broadband ranking has been released.